Notify CPU that the program has ended Halt. Control Flow instructions such as goto, if … goto, call, and return. Data instructions such as move, input, output, load, and store. Logic instructions such as and, or, and not. There are various types of instruction a CPU can process. Instruction is the granular level computation a computer can perform. As RAM is a collection of register to read/write data a RAM takes input of 8bit address, data input for the actual data to be stored and finally read and write enabler which works as it is for the latches. RAM(Random Access Memory) are volatile and it’s data get’s lost when we turn off the power. Ram is a collection of register arranged and compact together in an optimized way so that it can store a higher number of data. A register can store instruction, output data, storage address or any kind of data. This data is send to other register which is connected by a BUS. Sending to main memory(RAM) would be slow as it is the intermediate data. Here A and B are the input, S is the output and C is the carry.Īn SR latch, constructed from a pair of cross-coupled NOR gatesĬPU has registers to store the data of output. 
Most logic gates take in two input and produces one outputīellow is an example of half adder circuit which takes in two inputs and outputs the result. ALU consists of logic circuitry or logic gates which performs these operations. ALU performs the operations like addition, subtraction. Arithmetic and logical unit - ALUĪrithmetic and logical unit ALU as name suggest does all the arithmetic and logical computations. Hardwired CU are faster in processing instruction whereas microprogrammable as more flexible. Hardwired control units are the hardware and needs the change in hardware to add modify it’s working where as microprogrammable control unit can be programmed to change it’s behavior.
microprogrammable (microprogrammed) control units. Control unit is the first component of CPU to receive the instruction for processing. According to the instruction, it helps activate the wires connecting CPU to different other parts of computer including the ALU. Before diving into the main parts let’s start by looking what are the main components of a CPU and what there roles are: Two main components of a processorĬontrol unit CU is the part of CPU that helps orchestrate the execution of instructions. It’s main job is to perform arithmetic and logical operations and orchestrate the instructions together. 
It executes the instructions that are provided to it. A tool is usually more simple than a machine it is generally used with the hand, whilst a machine is frequently moved by animal or steam power.Ī computer is a machine powered mostly by electricity but it’s flexibility and programability has helped achieve the simplicity of a tool.ĬPU is the heart and/or the brain of a computer.
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